Unity 机器学习代理工具包 (ML-Agents) 是一个开源项目,它使游戏和模拟能够作为训练智能代理的环境。
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import math
import tempfile
import pytest
import numpy as np
import attr
from typing import Dict
from mlagents.trainers.tests.simple_test_envs import (
SimpleEnvironment,
MemoryEnvironment,
RecordEnvironment,
)
from mlagents.trainers.trainer_controller import TrainerController
from mlagents.trainers.trainer_util import TrainerFactory
from mlagents.trainers.simple_env_manager import SimpleEnvManager
from mlagents.trainers.demo_loader import write_demo
from mlagents.trainers.stats import StatsReporter, StatsWriter, StatsSummary
from mlagents.trainers.settings import (
TrainerSettings,
PPOSettings,
SACSettings,
NetworkSettings,
SelfPlaySettings,
BehavioralCloningSettings,
GAILSettings,
TrainerType,
RewardSignalType,
EncoderType,
ScheduleType,
)
from mlagents.trainers.environment_parameter_manager import EnvironmentParameterManager
from mlagents_envs.side_channel.environment_parameters_channel import (
EnvironmentParametersChannel,
)
from mlagents_envs.communicator_objects.demonstration_meta_pb2 import (
DemonstrationMetaProto,
)
from mlagents_envs.communicator_objects.brain_parameters_pb2 import BrainParametersProto
from mlagents_envs.communicator_objects.space_type_pb2 import discrete, continuous
BRAIN_NAME = "1D"
PPO_CONFIG = TrainerSettings(
trainer_type=TrainerType.PPO,
hyperparameters=PPOSettings(
learning_rate=5.0e-3,
learning_rate_schedule=ScheduleType.CONSTANT,
batch_size=16,
buffer_size=64,
),
network_settings=NetworkSettings(num_layers=1, hidden_units=32),
summary_freq=500,
max_steps=3000,
threaded=False,
)
SAC_CONFIG = TrainerSettings(
trainer_type=TrainerType.SAC,
hyperparameters=SACSettings(
learning_rate=5.0e-3,
learning_rate_schedule=ScheduleType.CONSTANT,
batch_size=8,
buffer_init_steps=100,
buffer_size=5000,
tau=0.01,
init_entcoef=0.01,
),
network_settings=NetworkSettings(num_layers=1, hidden_units=16),
summary_freq=100,
max_steps=1000,
threaded=False,
)
# The reward processor is passed as an argument to _check_environment_trains.
# It is applied to the list of all final rewards for each brain individually.
# This is so that we can process all final rewards in different ways for different algorithms.
# Custom reward processors should be built within the test function and passed to _check_environment_trains
# Default is average over the last 5 final rewards
def default_reward_processor(rewards, last_n_rewards=5):
rewards_to_use = rewards[-last_n_rewards:]
# For debugging tests
print(f"Last {last_n_rewards} rewards:", rewards_to_use)
return np.array(rewards[-last_n_rewards:], dtype=np.float32).mean()
class DebugWriter(StatsWriter):
"""
Print to stdout so stats can be viewed in pytest
"""
def __init__(self):
self._last_reward_summary: Dict[str, float] = {}
def get_last_rewards(self):
return self._last_reward_summary
def write_stats(
self, category: str, values: Dict[str, StatsSummary], step: int
) -> None:
for val, stats_summary in values.items():
if val == "Environment/Cumulative Reward":
print(step, val, stats_summary.mean)
self._last_reward_summary[category] = stats_summary.mean
def _check_environment_trains(
env,
trainer_config,
reward_processor=default_reward_processor,
env_parameter_manager=None,
success_threshold=0.9,
env_manager=None,
):
if env_parameter_manager is None:
env_parameter_manager = EnvironmentParameterManager()
# Create controller and begin training.
with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as dir:
run_id = "id"
seed = 1337
StatsReporter.writers.clear() # Clear StatsReporters so we don't write to file
debug_writer = DebugWriter()
StatsReporter.add_writer(debug_writer)
if env_manager is None:
env_manager = SimpleEnvManager(env, EnvironmentParametersChannel())
trainer_factory = TrainerFactory(
trainer_config=trainer_config,
output_path=dir,
train_model=True,
load_model=False,
seed=seed,
param_manager=env_parameter_manager,
multi_gpu=False,
)
tc = TrainerController(
trainer_factory=trainer_factory,
output_path=dir,
run_id=run_id,
param_manager=env_parameter_manager,
train=True,
training_seed=seed,
)
# Begin training
tc.start_learning(env_manager)
if (
success_threshold is not None
): # For tests where we are just checking setup and not reward
processed_rewards = [
reward_processor(rewards) for rewards in env.final_rewards.values()
]
assert all(not math.isnan(reward) for reward in processed_rewards)
assert all(reward > success_threshold for reward in processed_rewards)
@pytest.mark.parametrize("use_discrete", [True, False])
def test_simple_ppo(use_discrete):
env = SimpleEnvironment([BRAIN_NAME], use_discrete=use_discrete)
config = attr.evolve(PPO_CONFIG)
_check_environment_trains(env, {BRAIN_NAME: config})
@pytest.mark.parametrize("use_discrete", [True, False])
def test_2d_ppo(use_discrete):
env = SimpleEnvironment(
[BRAIN_NAME], use_discrete=use_discrete, action_size=2, step_size=0.8
)
new_hyperparams = attr.evolve(
PPO_CONFIG.hyperparameters, batch_size=64, buffer_size=640
)
config = attr.evolve(PPO_CONFIG, hyperparameters=new_hyperparams, max_steps=10000)
_check_environment_trains(env, {BRAIN_NAME: config})
@pytest.mark.parametrize("use_discrete", [True, False])
@pytest.mark.parametrize("num_visual", [1, 2])
def test_visual_ppo(num_visual, use_discrete):
env = SimpleEnvironment(
[BRAIN_NAME],
use_discrete=use_discrete,
num_visual=num_visual,
num_vector=0,
step_size=0.2,
)
new_hyperparams = attr.evolve(PPO_CONFIG.hyperparameters, learning_rate=3.0e-4)
config = attr.evolve(PPO_CONFIG, hyperparameters=new_hyperparams)
_check_environment_trains(env, {BRAIN_NAME: config})
@pytest.mark.parametrize("num_visual", [1, 2])
@pytest.mark.parametrize("vis_encode_type", ["resnet", "nature_cnn"])
def test_visual_advanced_ppo(vis_encode_type, num_visual):
env = SimpleEnvironment(
[BRAIN_NAME],
use_discrete=True,
num_visual=num_visual,
num_vector=0,
step_size=0.5,
vis_obs_size=(36, 36, 3),
)
new_networksettings = attr.evolve(
SAC_CONFIG.network_settings, vis_encode_type=EncoderType(vis_encode_type)
)
new_hyperparams = attr.evolve(PPO_CONFIG.hyperparameters, learning_rate=3.0e-4)
config = attr.evolve(
PPO_CONFIG,
hyperparameters=new_hyperparams,
network_settings=new_networksettings,
max_steps=500,
summary_freq=100,
)
# The number of steps is pretty small for these encoders
_check_environment_trains(env, {BRAIN_NAME: config}, success_threshold=0.5)
@pytest.mark.parametrize("use_discrete", [True, False])
def test_recurrent_ppo(use_discrete):
env = MemoryEnvironment([BRAIN_NAME], use_discrete=use_discrete)
new_network_settings = attr.evolve(
PPO_CONFIG.network_settings,
memory=NetworkSettings.MemorySettings(memory_size=16),
)
new_hyperparams = attr.evolve(
PPO_CONFIG.hyperparameters, learning_rate=1.0e-3, batch_size=64, buffer_size=128
)
config = attr.evolve(
PPO_CONFIG,
hyperparameters=new_hyperparams,
network_settings=new_network_settings,
max_steps=5000,
)
_check_environment_trains(env, {BRAIN_NAME: config}, success_threshold=0.9)
@pytest.mark.parametrize("use_discrete", [True, False])
def test_simple_sac(use_discrete):
env = SimpleEnvironment([BRAIN_NAME], use_discrete=use_discrete)
config = attr.evolve(SAC_CONFIG)
_check_environment_trains(env, {BRAIN_NAME: config})
@pytest.mark.parametrize("use_discrete", [True, False])
def test_2d_sac(use_discrete):
env = SimpleEnvironment(
[BRAIN_NAME], use_discrete=use_discrete, action_size=2, step_size=0.8
)
new_hyperparams = attr.evolve(SAC_CONFIG.hyperparameters, buffer_init_steps=2000)
config = attr.evolve(SAC_CONFIG, hyperparameters=new_hyperparams, max_steps=10000)
_check_environment_trains(env, {BRAIN_NAME: config}, success_threshold=0.8)
@pytest.mark.parametrize("use_discrete", [True, False])
@pytest.mark.parametrize("num_visual", [1, 2])
def test_visual_sac(num_visual, use_discrete):
env = SimpleEnvironment(
[BRAIN_NAME],
use_discrete=use_discrete,
num_visual=num_visual,
num_vector=0,
step_size=0.2,
)
new_hyperparams = attr.evolve(
SAC_CONFIG.hyperparameters, batch_size=16, learning_rate=3e-4
)
config = attr.evolve(SAC_CONFIG, hyperparameters=new_hyperparams)
_check_environment_trains(env, {BRAIN_NAME: config})
@pytest.mark.parametrize("num_visual", [1, 2])
@pytest.mark.parametrize("vis_encode_type", ["resnet", "nature_cnn"])
def test_visual_advanced_sac(vis_encode_type, num_visual):
env = SimpleEnvironment(
[BRAIN_NAME],
use_discrete=True,
num_visual=num_visual,
num_vector=0,
step_size=0.5,
vis_obs_size=(36, 36, 3),
)
new_networksettings = attr.evolve(
SAC_CONFIG.network_settings, vis_encode_type=EncoderType(vis_encode_type)
)
new_hyperparams = attr.evolve(
SAC_CONFIG.hyperparameters,
batch_size=16,
learning_rate=3e-4,
buffer_init_steps=0,
)
config = attr.evolve(
SAC_CONFIG,
hyperparameters=new_hyperparams,
network_settings=new_networksettings,
max_steps=100,
)
# The number of steps is pretty small for these encoders
_check_environment_trains(env, {BRAIN_NAME: config}, success_threshold=0.5)
@pytest.mark.parametrize("use_discrete", [True, False])
def test_recurrent_sac(use_discrete):
step_size = 0.5 if use_discrete else 0.2
env = MemoryEnvironment(
[BRAIN_NAME], use_discrete=use_discrete, step_size=step_size
)
new_networksettings = attr.evolve(
SAC_CONFIG.network_settings,
memory=NetworkSettings.MemorySettings(memory_size=16, sequence_length=16),
)
new_hyperparams = attr.evolve(
SAC_CONFIG.hyperparameters,
batch_size=128,
learning_rate=1e-3,
buffer_init_steps=1000,
steps_per_update=2,
)
config = attr.evolve(
SAC_CONFIG,
hyperparameters=new_hyperparams,
network_settings=new_networksettings,
max_steps=5000,
)
_check_environment_trains(env, {BRAIN_NAME: config})
@pytest.mark.parametrize("use_discrete", [True, False])
def test_simple_ghost(use_discrete):
env = SimpleEnvironment(
[BRAIN_NAME + "?team=0", BRAIN_NAME + "?team=1"], use_discrete=use_discrete
)
self_play_settings = SelfPlaySettings(
play_against_latest_model_ratio=1.0, save_steps=2000, swap_steps=2000
)
config = attr.evolve(PPO_CONFIG, self_play=self_play_settings, max_steps=2500)
_check_environment_trains(env, {BRAIN_NAME: config})
@pytest.mark.parametrize("use_discrete", [True, False])
def test_simple_ghost_fails(use_discrete):
env = SimpleEnvironment(
[BRAIN_NAME + "?team=0", BRAIN_NAME + "?team=1"], use_discrete=use_discrete
)
# This config should fail because the ghosted policy is never swapped with a competent policy.
# Swap occurs after max step is reached.
self_play_settings = SelfPlaySettings(
play_against_latest_model_ratio=1.0, save_steps=2000, swap_steps=4000
)
config = attr.evolve(PPO_CONFIG, self_play=self_play_settings, max_steps=2500)
_check_environment_trains(env, {BRAIN_NAME: config}, success_threshold=None)
processed_rewards = [
default_reward_processor(rewards) for rewards in env.final_rewards.values()
]
success_threshold = 0.9
assert any(reward > success_threshold for reward in processed_rewards) and any(
reward < success_threshold for reward in processed_rewards
)
@pytest.mark.parametrize("use_discrete", [True, False])
def test_simple_asymm_ghost(use_discrete):
# Make opponent for asymmetric case
brain_name_opp = BRAIN_NAME + "Opp"
env = SimpleEnvironment(
[BRAIN_NAME + "?team=0", brain_name_opp + "?team=1"], use_discrete=use_discrete
)
self_play_settings = SelfPlaySettings(
play_against_latest_model_ratio=1.0,
save_steps=10000,
swap_steps=10000,
team_change=400,
)
config = attr.evolve(PPO_CONFIG, self_play=self_play_settings, max_steps=4000)
_check_environment_trains(env, {BRAIN_NAME: config, brain_name_opp: config})
@pytest.mark.parametrize("use_discrete", [True, False])
def test_simple_asymm_ghost_fails(use_discrete):
# Make opponent for asymmetric case
brain_name_opp = BRAIN_NAME + "Opp"
env = SimpleEnvironment(
[BRAIN_NAME + "?team=0", brain_name_opp + "?team=1"], use_discrete=use_discrete
)
# This config should fail because the team that us not learning when both have reached
# max step should be executing the initial, untrained poliy.
self_play_settings = SelfPlaySettings(
play_against_latest_model_ratio=0.0,
save_steps=5000,
swap_steps=5000,
team_change=2000,
)
config = attr.evolve(PPO_CONFIG, self_play=self_play_settings, max_steps=3000)
_check_environment_trains(
env, {BRAIN_NAME: config, brain_name_opp: config}, success_threshold=None
)
processed_rewards = [
default_reward_processor(rewards) for rewards in env.final_rewards.values()
]
success_threshold = 0.9
assert any(reward > success_threshold for reward in processed_rewards) and any(
reward < success_threshold for reward in processed_rewards
)
@pytest.fixture(scope="session")
def simple_record(tmpdir_factory):
def record_demo(use_discrete, num_visual=0, num_vector=1):
env = RecordEnvironment(
[BRAIN_NAME],
use_discrete=use_discrete,
num_visual=num_visual,
num_vector=num_vector,
n_demos=100,
)
# If we want to use true demos, we can solve the env in the usual way
# Otherwise, we can just call solve to execute the optimal policy
env.solve()
agent_info_protos = env.demonstration_protos[BRAIN_NAME]
meta_data_proto = DemonstrationMetaProto()
brain_param_proto = BrainParametersProto(
vector_action_size=[2] if use_discrete else [1],
vector_action_descriptions=[""],
vector_action_space_type=discrete if use_discrete else continuous,
brain_name=BRAIN_NAME,
is_training=True,
)
action_type = "Discrete" if use_discrete else "Continuous"
demo_path_name = "1DTest" + action_type + ".demo"
demo_path = str(tmpdir_factory.mktemp("tmp_demo").join(demo_path_name))
write_demo(demo_path, meta_data_proto, brain_param_proto, agent_info_protos)
return demo_path
return record_demo
@pytest.mark.parametrize("use_discrete", [True, False])
@pytest.mark.parametrize("trainer_config", [PPO_CONFIG, SAC_CONFIG])
def test_gail(simple_record, use_discrete, trainer_config):
demo_path = simple_record(use_discrete)
env = SimpleEnvironment([BRAIN_NAME], use_discrete=use_discrete, step_size=0.2)
bc_settings = BehavioralCloningSettings(demo_path=demo_path, steps=1000)
reward_signals = {
RewardSignalType.GAIL: GAILSettings(encoding_size=32, demo_path=demo_path)
}
config = attr.evolve(
trainer_config,
reward_signals=reward_signals,
behavioral_cloning=bc_settings,
max_steps=500,
)
_check_environment_trains(env, {BRAIN_NAME: config}, success_threshold=0.9)
@pytest.mark.parametrize("use_discrete", [True, False])
def test_gail_visual_ppo(simple_record, use_discrete):
demo_path = simple_record(use_discrete, num_visual=1, num_vector=0)
env = SimpleEnvironment(
[BRAIN_NAME],
num_visual=1,
num_vector=0,
use_discrete=use_discrete,
step_size=0.2,
)
bc_settings = BehavioralCloningSettings(demo_path=demo_path, steps=1500)
reward_signals = {
RewardSignalType.GAIL: GAILSettings(encoding_size=32, demo_path=demo_path)
}
hyperparams = attr.evolve(PPO_CONFIG.hyperparameters, learning_rate=3e-4)
config = attr.evolve(
PPO_CONFIG,
reward_signals=reward_signals,
hyperparameters=hyperparams,
behavioral_cloning=bc_settings,
max_steps=1000,
)
_check_environment_trains(env, {BRAIN_NAME: config}, success_threshold=0.9)
@pytest.mark.parametrize("use_discrete", [True, False])
def test_gail_visual_sac(simple_record, use_discrete):
demo_path = simple_record(use_discrete, num_visual=1, num_vector=0)
env = SimpleEnvironment(
[BRAIN_NAME],
num_visual=1,
num_vector=0,
use_discrete=use_discrete,
step_size=0.2,
)
bc_settings = BehavioralCloningSettings(demo_path=demo_path, steps=1000)
reward_signals = {
RewardSignalType.GAIL: GAILSettings(encoding_size=32, demo_path=demo_path)
}
hyperparams = attr.evolve(
SAC_CONFIG.hyperparameters, learning_rate=3e-4, batch_size=16
)
config = attr.evolve(
SAC_CONFIG,
reward_signals=reward_signals,
hyperparameters=hyperparams,
behavioral_cloning=bc_settings,
max_steps=500,
)
_check_environment_trains(env, {BRAIN_NAME: config}, success_threshold=0.9)