import logging import numpy as np import tensorflow as tf import tensorflow.contrib.layers as c_layers logger = logging.getLogger("unityagents") class LearningModel(object): def __init__(self, m_size, normalize, use_recurrent, brain): self.brain = brain self.vector_in = None self.normalize = False self.use_recurrent = False self.global_step, self.increment_step = self.create_global_steps() self.visual_in = [] self.batch_size = tf.placeholder(shape=None, dtype=tf.int32, name='batch_size') self.sequence_length = tf.placeholder(shape=None, dtype=tf.int32, name='sequence_length') self.m_size = m_size self.normalize = normalize self.use_recurrent = use_recurrent self.a_size = brain.vector_action_space_size @staticmethod def create_global_steps(): """Creates TF ops to track and increment global training step.""" global_step = tf.Variable(0, name="global_step", trainable=False, dtype=tf.int32) increment_step = tf.assign(global_step, tf.add(global_step, 1)) return global_step, increment_step @staticmethod def swish(input_activation): """Swish activation function. For more info: https://arxiv.org/abs/1710.05941""" return tf.multiply(input_activation, tf.nn.sigmoid(input_activation)) @staticmethod def create_visual_input(o_size_h, o_size_w, bw, name): if bw: c_channels = 1 else: c_channels = 3 visual_in = tf.placeholder(shape=[None, o_size_h, o_size_w, c_channels], dtype=tf.float32, name=name) return visual_in def create_vector_input(self, s_size): if self.brain.vector_observation_space_type == "continuous": self.vector_in = tf.placeholder(shape=[None, s_size], dtype=tf.float32, name='vector_observation') if self.normalize: self.running_mean = tf.get_variable("running_mean", [s_size], trainable=False, dtype=tf.float32, initializer=tf.zeros_initializer()) self.running_variance = tf.get_variable("running_variance", [s_size], trainable=False, dtype=tf.float32, initializer=tf.ones_initializer()) self.new_mean = tf.placeholder(shape=[s_size], dtype=tf.float32, name='new_mean') self.new_variance = tf.placeholder(shape=[s_size], dtype=tf.float32, name='new_variance') self.update_mean = tf.assign(self.running_mean, self.new_mean) self.update_variance = tf.assign(self.running_variance, self.new_variance) self.normalized_state = tf.clip_by_value((self.vector_in - self.running_mean) / tf.sqrt( self.running_variance / (tf.cast(self.global_step, tf.float32) + 1)), -5, 5, name="normalized_state") else: self.normalized_state = self.vector_in else: self.vector_in = tf.placeholder(shape=[None, 1], dtype=tf.int32, name='vector_observation') def create_continuous_state_encoder(self, h_size, activation, num_layers): """ Builds a set of hidden state encoders. :param h_size: Hidden layer size. :param activation: What type of activation function to use for layers. :param num_layers: number of hidden layers to create. :return: List of hidden layer tensors. """ hidden = self.normalized_state for j in range(num_layers): hidden = tf.layers.dense(hidden, h_size, activation=activation, kernel_initializer=c_layers.variance_scaling_initializer(1.0)) return hidden def create_visual_encoder(self, image_input, h_size, activation, num_layers): """ Builds a set of visual (CNN) encoders. :param image_input: The placeholder for the image input to use. :param h_size: Hidden layer size. :param activation: What type of activation function to use for layers. :param num_layers: number of hidden layers to create. :return: List of hidden layer tensors. """ conv1 = tf.layers.conv2d(image_input, 16, kernel_size=[8, 8], strides=[4, 4], activation=tf.nn.elu) conv2 = tf.layers.conv2d(conv1, 32, kernel_size=[4, 4], strides=[2, 2], activation=tf.nn.elu) hidden = c_layers.flatten(conv2) for j in range(num_layers): hidden = tf.layers.dense(hidden, h_size, use_bias=False, activation=activation) return hidden def create_discrete_state_encoder(self, s_size, h_size, activation, num_layers): """ Builds a set of hidden state encoders from discrete state input. :param s_size: state input size (discrete). :param h_size: Hidden layer size. :param activation: What type of activation function to use for layers. :param num_layers: number of hidden layers to create. :return: List of hidden layer tensors. """ vector_in = tf.reshape(self.vector_in, [-1]) state_onehot = c_layers.one_hot_encoding(vector_in, s_size) hidden = state_onehot for j in range(num_layers): hidden = tf.layers.dense(hidden, h_size, use_bias=False, activation=activation) return hidden def create_new_obs(self, num_streams, h_size, num_layers): brain = self.brain s_size = brain.vector_observation_space_size * brain.num_stacked_vector_observations if brain.vector_action_space_type == "continuous": activation_fn = tf.nn.tanh else: activation_fn = self.swish self.visual_in = [] for i in range(brain.number_visual_observations): height_size, width_size = brain.camera_resolutions[i]['height'], brain.camera_resolutions[i]['width'] bw = brain.camera_resolutions[i]['blackAndWhite'] visual_input = self.create_visual_input(height_size, width_size, bw, name="visual_observation_" + str(i)) self.visual_in.append(visual_input) self.create_vector_input(s_size) final_hiddens = [] for i in range(num_streams): visual_encoders = [] hidden_state, hidden_visual = None, None if brain.number_visual_observations > 0: for j in range(brain.number_visual_observations): encoded_visual = self.create_visual_encoder(self.visual_in[j], h_size, activation_fn, num_layers) visual_encoders.append(encoded_visual) hidden_visual = tf.concat(visual_encoders, axis=1) if brain.vector_observation_space_size > 0: s_size = brain.vector_observation_space_size * brain.num_stacked_vector_observations if brain.vector_observation_space_type == "continuous": hidden_state = self.create_continuous_state_encoder(h_size, activation_fn, num_layers) else: hidden_state = self.create_discrete_state_encoder(s_size, h_size, activation_fn, num_layers) if hidden_state is not None and hidden_visual is not None: final_hidden = tf.concat([hidden_visual, hidden_state], axis=1) elif hidden_state is None and hidden_visual is not None: final_hidden = hidden_visual elif hidden_state is not None and hidden_visual is None: final_hidden = hidden_state else: raise Exception("No valid network configuration possible. " "There are no states or observations in this brain") final_hiddens.append(final_hidden) return final_hiddens def create_recurrent_encoder(self, input_state, memory_in, name='lstm'): """ Builds a recurrent encoder for either state or observations (LSTM). :param input_state: The input tensor to the LSTM cell. :param memory_in: The input memory to the LSTM cell. :param name: The scope of the LSTM cell. """ s_size = input_state.get_shape().as_list()[1] m_size = memory_in.get_shape().as_list()[1] lstm_input_state = tf.reshape(input_state, shape=[-1, self.sequence_length, s_size]) _half_point = int(m_size / 2) with tf.variable_scope(name): rnn_cell = tf.contrib.rnn.BasicLSTMCell(_half_point) lstm_vector_in = tf.contrib.rnn.LSTMStateTuple(memory_in[:, :_half_point], memory_in[:, _half_point:]) recurrent_state, lstm_state_out = tf.nn.dynamic_rnn(rnn_cell, lstm_input_state, initial_state=lstm_vector_in, time_major=False, dtype=tf.float32) recurrent_state = tf.reshape(recurrent_state, shape=[-1, _half_point]) return recurrent_state, tf.concat([lstm_state_out.c, lstm_state_out.h], axis=1) def create_dc_actor_critic(self, h_size, num_layers): num_streams = 1 hidden_streams = self.create_new_obs(num_streams, h_size, num_layers) hidden = hidden_streams[0] if self.use_recurrent: tf.Variable(self.m_size, name="memory_size", trainable=False, dtype=tf.int32) self.prev_action = tf.placeholder(shape=[None], dtype=tf.int32, name='prev_action') self.prev_action_oh = c_layers.one_hot_encoding(self.prev_action, self.a_size) hidden = tf.concat([hidden, self.prev_action_oh], axis=1) self.memory_in = tf.placeholder(shape=[None, self.m_size], dtype=tf.float32, name='recurrent_in') hidden, self.memory_out = self.create_recurrent_encoder(hidden, self.memory_in) self.memory_out = tf.identity(self.memory_out, name='recurrent_out') self.policy = tf.layers.dense(hidden, self.a_size, activation=None, use_bias=False, kernel_initializer=c_layers.variance_scaling_initializer(factor=0.01)) self.all_probs = tf.nn.softmax(self.policy, name="action_probs") self.output = tf.multinomial(self.policy, 1) self.output = tf.identity(self.output, name="action") self.value = tf.layers.dense(hidden, 1, activation=None) self.value = tf.identity(self.value, name="value_estimate") self.entropy = -tf.reduce_sum(self.all_probs * tf.log(self.all_probs + 1e-10), axis=1) self.action_holder = tf.placeholder(shape=[None], dtype=tf.int32) self.selected_actions = c_layers.one_hot_encoding(self.action_holder, self.a_size) self.all_old_probs = tf.placeholder(shape=[None, self.a_size], dtype=tf.float32, name='old_probabilities') # We reshape these tensors to [batch x 1] in order to be of the same rank as continuous control probabilities. self.probs = tf.expand_dims(tf.reduce_sum(self.all_probs * self.selected_actions, axis=1), 1) self.old_probs = tf.expand_dims(tf.reduce_sum(self.all_old_probs * self.selected_actions, axis=1), 1) def create_cc_actor_critic(self, h_size, num_layers): num_streams = 2 hidden_streams = self.create_new_obs(num_streams, h_size, num_layers) if self.use_recurrent: tf.Variable(self.m_size, name="memory_size", trainable=False, dtype=tf.int32) self.memory_in = tf.placeholder(shape=[None, self.m_size], dtype=tf.float32, name='recurrent_in') _half_point = int(self.m_size / 2) hidden_policy, memory_policy_out = self.create_recurrent_encoder( hidden_streams[0], self.memory_in[:, :_half_point], name='lstm_policy') hidden_value, memory_value_out = self.create_recurrent_encoder( hidden_streams[1], self.memory_in[:, _half_point:], name='lstm_value') self.memory_out = tf.concat([memory_policy_out, memory_value_out], axis=1, name='recurrent_out') else: hidden_policy = hidden_streams[0] hidden_value = hidden_streams[1] self.mu = tf.layers.dense(hidden_policy, self.a_size, activation=None, use_bias=False, kernel_initializer=c_layers.variance_scaling_initializer(factor=0.01)) self.log_sigma_sq = tf.get_variable("log_sigma_squared", [self.a_size], dtype=tf.float32, initializer=tf.zeros_initializer()) self.sigma_sq = tf.exp(self.log_sigma_sq) self.epsilon = tf.random_normal(tf.shape(self.mu), dtype=tf.float32) self.output = self.mu + tf.sqrt(self.sigma_sq) * self.epsilon self.output = tf.identity(self.output, name='action') a = tf.exp(-1 * tf.pow(tf.stop_gradient(self.output) - self.mu, 2) / (2 * self.sigma_sq)) b = 1 / tf.sqrt(2 * self.sigma_sq * np.pi) self.all_probs = tf.multiply(a, b, name="action_probs") self.entropy = tf.reduce_mean(0.5 * tf.log(2 * np.pi * np.e * self.sigma_sq)) self.value = tf.layers.dense(hidden_value, 1, activation=None) self.value = tf.identity(self.value, name="value_estimate") self.all_old_probs = tf.placeholder(shape=[None, self.a_size], dtype=tf.float32, name='old_probabilities') # We keep these tensors the same name, but use new nodes to keep code parallelism with discrete control. self.probs = tf.identity(self.all_probs) self.old_probs = tf.identity(self.all_old_probs)