using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Unity.Collections;
using UnityEngine.Scripting.APIUpdating;

namespace UnityEngine.Rendering.Universal
{
    /// <summary>
    ///  Class <c>ScriptableRenderer</c> implements a rendering strategy. It describes how culling and lighting works and
    /// the effects supported.
    ///
    ///  A renderer can be used for all cameras or be overridden on a per-camera basis. It will implement light culling and setup
    /// and describe a list of <c>ScriptableRenderPass</c> to execute in a frame. The renderer can be extended to support more effect with additional
    ///  <c>ScriptableRendererFeature</c>. Resources for the renderer are serialized in <c>ScriptableRendererData</c>.
    ///
    /// he renderer resources are serialized in <c>ScriptableRendererData</c>.
    /// <seealso cref="ScriptableRendererData"/>
    /// <seealso cref="ScriptableRendererFeature"/>
    /// <seealso cref="ScriptableRenderPass"/>
    /// </summary>
    [MovedFrom("UnityEngine.Rendering.LWRP")] public abstract class ScriptableRenderer
    {
        void SetShaderTimeValues(float time, float deltaTime, float smoothDeltaTime, CommandBuffer cmd = null)
        {
            // We make these parameters to mirror those described in `https://docs.unity3d.com/Manual/SL-UnityShaderVariables.html
            float timeEights = time / 8f;
            float timeFourth = time / 4f;
            float timeHalf = time / 2f;

            // Time values
            Vector4 timeVector = time * new Vector4(1f / 20f, 1f, 2f, 3f);
            Vector4 sinTimeVector = new Vector4(Mathf.Sin(timeEights), Mathf.Sin(timeFourth), Mathf.Sin(timeHalf), Mathf.Sin(time));
            Vector4 cosTimeVector = new Vector4(Mathf.Cos(timeEights), Mathf.Cos(timeFourth), Mathf.Cos(timeHalf), Mathf.Cos(time));
            Vector4 deltaTimeVector = new Vector4(deltaTime, 1f / deltaTime, smoothDeltaTime, 1f / smoothDeltaTime);
            Vector4 timeParametersVector = new Vector4(time, Mathf.Sin(time), Mathf.Cos(time), 0.0f);

            if (cmd == null)
            {
                Shader.SetGlobalVector(UniversalRenderPipeline.PerFrameBuffer._Time, timeVector);
                Shader.SetGlobalVector(UniversalRenderPipeline.PerFrameBuffer._SinTime, sinTimeVector);
                Shader.SetGlobalVector(UniversalRenderPipeline.PerFrameBuffer._CosTime, cosTimeVector);
                Shader.SetGlobalVector(UniversalRenderPipeline.PerFrameBuffer.unity_DeltaTime, deltaTimeVector);
                Shader.SetGlobalVector(UniversalRenderPipeline.PerFrameBuffer._TimeParameters, timeParametersVector);
            }
            else
            {
                cmd.SetGlobalVector(UniversalRenderPipeline.PerFrameBuffer._Time, timeVector);
                cmd.SetGlobalVector(UniversalRenderPipeline.PerFrameBuffer._SinTime, sinTimeVector);
                cmd.SetGlobalVector(UniversalRenderPipeline.PerFrameBuffer._CosTime, cosTimeVector);
                cmd.SetGlobalVector(UniversalRenderPipeline.PerFrameBuffer.unity_DeltaTime, deltaTimeVector);
                cmd.SetGlobalVector(UniversalRenderPipeline.PerFrameBuffer._TimeParameters, timeParametersVector);
            }
        }

        public RenderTargetIdentifier cameraColorTarget
        {
            get => m_CameraColorTarget;
        }

        public RenderTargetIdentifier cameraDepth
        {
            get => m_CameraDepthTarget;
        }

        protected List<ScriptableRendererFeature> rendererFeatures
        {
            get => m_RendererFeatures;
        }

        protected List<ScriptableRenderPass> activeRenderPassQueue
        {
            get => m_ActiveRenderPassQueue;
        }

        static class RenderPassBlock
        {
            // Executes render passes that are inputs to the main rendering
            // but don't depend on camera state. They all render in monoscopic mode. f.ex, shadow maps.
            public static readonly int BeforeRendering = 0;

            // Main bulk of render pass execution. They required camera state to be properly set
            // and when enabled they will render in stereo.
            public static readonly int MainRendering = 1;

            // Execute after Post-processing.
            public static readonly int AfterRendering = 2;
        }

        const int k_RenderPassBlockCount = 3;

        List<ScriptableRenderPass> m_ActiveRenderPassQueue = new List<ScriptableRenderPass>(32);
        List<ScriptableRendererFeature> m_RendererFeatures = new List<ScriptableRendererFeature>(10);
        RenderTargetIdentifier m_CameraColorTarget;
        RenderTargetIdentifier m_CameraDepthTarget;
        bool m_FirstCameraRenderPassExecuted = false;

        const string k_SetCameraRenderStateTag = "Clear Render State";
        const string k_SetRenderTarget = "Set RenderTarget";
        const string k_ReleaseResourcesTag = "Release Resources";

        static RenderTargetIdentifier m_ActiveColorAttachment;
        static RenderTargetIdentifier m_ActiveDepthAttachment;
        static bool m_InsideStereoRenderBlock;

        internal static void ConfigureActiveTarget(RenderTargetIdentifier colorAttachment,
            RenderTargetIdentifier depthAttachment)
        {
            m_ActiveColorAttachment = colorAttachment;
            m_ActiveDepthAttachment = depthAttachment;
        }

        public ScriptableRenderer(ScriptableRendererData data)
        {
            foreach (var feature in data.rendererFeatures)
            {
                if (feature == null)
                    continue;

                feature.Create();
                m_RendererFeatures.Add(feature);
            }
            Clear();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Configures the camera target.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="colorTarget">Camera color target. Pass BuiltinRenderTextureType.CameraTarget if rendering to backbuffer.</param>
        /// <param name="depthTarget">Camera depth target. Pass BuiltinRenderTextureType.CameraTarget if color has depth or rendering to backbuffer.</param>
        public void ConfigureCameraTarget(RenderTargetIdentifier colorTarget, RenderTargetIdentifier depthTarget)
        {
            m_CameraColorTarget = colorTarget;
            m_CameraDepthTarget = depthTarget;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Configures the render passes that will execute for this renderer.
        /// This method is called per-camera every frame.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="context">Use this render context to issue any draw commands during execution.</param>
        /// <param name="renderingData">Current render state information.</param>
        /// <seealso cref="ScriptableRenderPass"/>
        /// <seealso cref="ScriptableRendererFeature"/>
        public abstract void Setup(ScriptableRenderContext context, ref RenderingData renderingData);

        /// <summary>
        /// Override this method to implement the lighting setup for the renderer. You can use this to
        /// compute and upload light CBUFFER for example.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="context">Use this render context to issue any draw commands during execution.</param>
        /// <param name="renderingData">Current render state information.</param>
        public virtual void SetupLights(ScriptableRenderContext context, ref RenderingData renderingData)
        {
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Override this method to configure the culling parameters for the renderer. You can use this to configure if
        /// lights should be culled per-object or the maximum shadow distance for example.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="cullingParameters">Use this to change culling parameters used by the render pipeline.</param>
        /// <param name="cameraData">Current render state information.</param>
        public virtual void SetupCullingParameters(ref ScriptableCullingParameters cullingParameters,
            ref CameraData cameraData)
        {
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Called upon finishing camera rendering. You can release any resources created on setup here.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="cmd"></param>
        public virtual void FinishRendering(CommandBuffer cmd)
        {
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Execute the enqueued render passes. This automatically handles editor and stereo rendering.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="context">Use this render context to issue any draw commands during execution.</param>
        /// <param name="renderingData">Current render state information.</param>
        public void Execute(ScriptableRenderContext context, ref RenderingData renderingData)
        {
            Camera camera = renderingData.cameraData.camera;
            SetCameraRenderState(context, ref renderingData.cameraData);

            SortStable(m_ActiveRenderPassQueue);

            // Cache the time for after the call to `SetupCameraProperties` and set the time variables in shader
            // For now we set the time variables per camera, as we plan to remove `SetupCamearProperties`.
            // Setting the time per frame would take API changes to pass the variable to each camera render.
            // Once `SetupCameraProperties` is gone, the variable should be set higher in the call-stack.
#if UNITY_EDITOR
            float time = Application.isPlaying ? Time.time : Time.realtimeSinceStartup;
#else
            float time = Time.time;
#endif
            float deltaTime = Time.deltaTime;
            float smoothDeltaTime = Time.smoothDeltaTime;
            SetShaderTimeValues(time, deltaTime, smoothDeltaTime);

            // Upper limits for each block. Each block will contains render passes with events below the limit.
            NativeArray<RenderPassEvent> blockEventLimits = new NativeArray<RenderPassEvent>(k_RenderPassBlockCount, Allocator.Temp);
            blockEventLimits[RenderPassBlock.BeforeRendering] = RenderPassEvent.BeforeRenderingPrepasses;
            blockEventLimits[RenderPassBlock.MainRendering] = RenderPassEvent.AfterRenderingPostProcessing;
            blockEventLimits[RenderPassBlock.AfterRendering] = (RenderPassEvent)Int32.MaxValue;

            NativeArray<int> blockRanges = new NativeArray<int>(blockEventLimits.Length + 1, Allocator.Temp);
            FillBlockRanges(blockEventLimits, blockRanges);
            blockEventLimits.Dispose();

            SetupLights(context, ref renderingData);

            // Before Render Block. This render blocks always execute in mono rendering.
            // Camera is not setup. Lights are not setup.
            // Used to render input textures like shadowmaps.
            ExecuteBlock(RenderPassBlock.BeforeRendering, blockRanges, context, ref renderingData);

            /// Configure shader variables and other unity properties that are required for rendering.
            /// * Setup Camera RenderTarget and Viewport
            /// * VR Camera Setup and SINGLE_PASS_STEREO props
            /// * Setup camera view, projection and their inverse matrices.
            /// * Setup properties: _WorldSpaceCameraPos, _ProjectionParams, _ScreenParams, _ZBufferParams, unity_OrthoParams
            /// * Setup camera world clip planes properties
            /// * Setup HDR keyword
            /// * Setup global time properties (_Time, _SinTime, _CosTime)
            bool stereoEnabled = renderingData.cameraData.isStereoEnabled;
            context.SetupCameraProperties(camera, stereoEnabled);

            // Override time values from when `SetupCameraProperties` were called.
            // They might be a frame behind.
            // We can remove this after removing `SetupCameraProperties` as the values should be per frame, and not per camera.
            SetShaderTimeValues(time, deltaTime, smoothDeltaTime);

            if (stereoEnabled)
                BeginXRRendering(context, camera);

            // In this block main rendering executes.
            ExecuteBlock(RenderPassBlock.MainRendering, blockRanges, context, ref renderingData);

            DrawGizmos(context, camera, GizmoSubset.PreImageEffects);

            // In this block after rendering drawing happens, e.g, post processing, video player capture.
            ExecuteBlock(RenderPassBlock.AfterRendering, blockRanges, context, ref renderingData);

            if (stereoEnabled)
                EndXRRendering(context, camera);

            DrawGizmos(context, camera, GizmoSubset.PostImageEffects);

            InternalFinishRendering(context);
            blockRanges.Dispose();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Enqueues a render pass for execution.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="pass">Render pass to be enqueued.</param>
        public void EnqueuePass(ScriptableRenderPass pass)
        {
            m_ActiveRenderPassQueue.Add(pass);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Returns a clear flag based on CameraClearFlags.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="cameraClearFlags">Camera clear flags.</param>
        /// <returns>A clear flag that tells if color and/or depth should be cleared.</returns>
        protected static ClearFlag GetCameraClearFlag(CameraClearFlags cameraClearFlags)
        {
#if UNITY_EDITOR
            // We need public API to tell if FrameDebugger is active and enabled. In that case
            // we want to force a clear to see properly the drawcall stepping.
            // For now, to fix FrameDebugger in Editor, we force a clear.
            cameraClearFlags = CameraClearFlags.SolidColor;
#endif

            // LWRP doesn't support CameraClearFlags.DepthOnly and CameraClearFlags.Nothing.
            // CameraClearFlags.DepthOnly has the same effect of CameraClearFlags.SolidColor
            // CameraClearFlags.Nothing clears Depth on PC/Desktop and in mobile it clears both
            // depth and color.
            // CameraClearFlags.Skybox clears depth only.

            // Implementation details:
            // Camera clear flags are used to initialize the attachments on the first render pass.
            // ClearFlag is used together with Tile Load action to figure out how to clear the camera render target.
            // In Tile Based GPUs ClearFlag.Depth + RenderBufferLoadAction.DontCare becomes DontCare load action.
            // While ClearFlag.All + RenderBufferLoadAction.DontCare become Clear load action.
            // In mobile we force ClearFlag.All as DontCare doesn't have noticeable perf. difference from Clear
            // and this avoid tile clearing issue when not rendering all pixels in some GPUs.
            // In desktop/consoles there's actually performance difference between DontCare and Clear.

            // RenderBufferLoadAction.DontCare in PC/Desktop behaves as not clearing screen
            // RenderBufferLoadAction.DontCare in Vulkan/Metal behaves as DontCare load action
            // RenderBufferLoadAction.DontCare in GLES behaves as glInvalidateBuffer

            // Always clear on first render pass in mobile as it's same perf of DontCare and avoid tile clearing issues.
            if (Application.isMobilePlatform)
                return ClearFlag.All;

            if ((cameraClearFlags == CameraClearFlags.Skybox && RenderSettings.skybox != null) ||
                cameraClearFlags == CameraClearFlags.Nothing)
                return ClearFlag.Depth;

            return ClearFlag.All;
        }

        // Initialize Camera Render State
        // Place all per-camera rendering logic that is generic for all types of renderers here.
        void SetCameraRenderState(ScriptableRenderContext context, ref CameraData cameraData)
        {
            // Reset per-camera shader keywords. They are enabled depending on which render passes are executed.
            CommandBuffer cmd = CommandBufferPool.Get(k_SetCameraRenderStateTag);
            cmd.DisableShaderKeyword(ShaderKeywordStrings.MainLightShadows);
            cmd.DisableShaderKeyword(ShaderKeywordStrings.MainLightShadowCascades);
            cmd.DisableShaderKeyword(ShaderKeywordStrings.AdditionalLightsVertex);
            cmd.DisableShaderKeyword(ShaderKeywordStrings.AdditionalLightsPixel);
            cmd.DisableShaderKeyword(ShaderKeywordStrings.AdditionalLightShadows);
            cmd.DisableShaderKeyword(ShaderKeywordStrings.SoftShadows);
            cmd.DisableShaderKeyword(ShaderKeywordStrings.MixedLightingSubtractive);

            // Required by VolumeSystem / PostProcessing.
            VolumeManager.instance.Update(cameraData.volumeTrigger, cameraData.volumeLayerMask);
            context.ExecuteCommandBuffer(cmd);
            CommandBufferPool.Release(cmd);
        }

        internal void Clear()
        {
            m_CameraColorTarget = BuiltinRenderTextureType.CameraTarget;
            m_CameraDepthTarget = BuiltinRenderTextureType.CameraTarget;

            m_ActiveColorAttachment = BuiltinRenderTextureType.CameraTarget;
            m_ActiveDepthAttachment = BuiltinRenderTextureType.CameraTarget;

            m_FirstCameraRenderPassExecuted = false;
            m_InsideStereoRenderBlock = false;
            m_ActiveRenderPassQueue.Clear();
        }

        void ExecuteBlock(int blockIndex, NativeArray<int> blockRanges,
            ScriptableRenderContext context, ref RenderingData renderingData, bool submit = false)
        {
            int endIndex = blockRanges[blockIndex + 1];
            for (int currIndex = blockRanges[blockIndex]; currIndex < endIndex; ++currIndex)
            {
                var renderPass = m_ActiveRenderPassQueue[currIndex];
                ExecuteRenderPass(context, renderPass, ref renderingData);
            }

            if (submit)
                context.Submit();
        }

        void ExecuteRenderPass(ScriptableRenderContext context, ScriptableRenderPass renderPass, ref RenderingData renderingData)
        {
            CommandBuffer cmd = CommandBufferPool.Get(k_SetRenderTarget);
            renderPass.Configure(cmd, renderingData.cameraData.cameraTargetDescriptor);

            RenderTargetIdentifier passColorAttachment = renderPass.colorAttachment;
            RenderTargetIdentifier passDepthAttachment = renderPass.depthAttachment;
            ref CameraData cameraData = ref renderingData.cameraData;

            // When render pass doesn't call ConfigureTarget we assume it's expected to render to camera target
            // which might be backbuffer or the framebuffer render textures.
            if (!renderPass.overrideCameraTarget)
            {
                passColorAttachment = m_CameraColorTarget;
                passDepthAttachment = m_CameraDepthTarget;
            }

            if (passColorAttachment == m_CameraColorTarget && !m_FirstCameraRenderPassExecuted)
            {
                m_FirstCameraRenderPassExecuted = true;

                Camera camera = cameraData.camera;
                ClearFlag clearFlag = GetCameraClearFlag(camera.clearFlags);
                SetRenderTarget(cmd, m_CameraColorTarget, m_CameraDepthTarget, clearFlag,
                    CoreUtils.ConvertSRGBToActiveColorSpace(camera.backgroundColor));

                context.ExecuteCommandBuffer(cmd);
                cmd.Clear();

                if (cameraData.isStereoEnabled)
                {
                    context.StartMultiEye(cameraData.camera);
                    XRUtils.DrawOcclusionMesh(cmd, cameraData.camera);
                }
            }

            // Only setup render target if current render pass attachments are different from the active ones
            else if (passColorAttachment != m_ActiveColorAttachment || passDepthAttachment != m_ActiveDepthAttachment)
                SetRenderTarget(cmd, passColorAttachment, passDepthAttachment, renderPass.clearFlag, renderPass.clearColor);

            context.ExecuteCommandBuffer(cmd);
            CommandBufferPool.Release(cmd);

            renderPass.Execute(context, ref renderingData);
        }

        void BeginXRRendering(ScriptableRenderContext context, Camera camera)
        {
            context.StartMultiEye(camera);
            m_InsideStereoRenderBlock = true;
        }

        void EndXRRendering(ScriptableRenderContext context, Camera camera)
        {
            context.StopMultiEye(camera);
            context.StereoEndRender(camera);
            m_InsideStereoRenderBlock = false;
        }

        internal static void SetRenderTarget(CommandBuffer cmd, RenderTargetIdentifier colorAttachment, RenderTargetIdentifier depthAttachment, ClearFlag clearFlag, Color clearColor)
        {
            m_ActiveColorAttachment = colorAttachment;
            m_ActiveDepthAttachment = depthAttachment;

            RenderBufferLoadAction colorLoadAction = clearFlag != ClearFlag.None ?
                RenderBufferLoadAction.DontCare : RenderBufferLoadAction.Load;

            RenderBufferLoadAction depthLoadAction = ((uint)clearFlag & (uint)ClearFlag.Depth) != 0 ?
                RenderBufferLoadAction.DontCare : RenderBufferLoadAction.Load;

            TextureDimension dimension = (m_InsideStereoRenderBlock) ? XRGraphics.eyeTextureDesc.dimension : TextureDimension.Tex2D;
            SetRenderTarget(cmd, colorAttachment, colorLoadAction, RenderBufferStoreAction.Store,
                depthAttachment, depthLoadAction, RenderBufferStoreAction.Store, clearFlag, clearColor, dimension);
        }

        static void SetRenderTarget(
            CommandBuffer cmd,
            RenderTargetIdentifier colorAttachment,
            RenderBufferLoadAction colorLoadAction,
            RenderBufferStoreAction colorStoreAction,
            ClearFlag clearFlags,
            Color clearColor,
            TextureDimension dimension)
        {
            if (dimension == TextureDimension.Tex2DArray)
                CoreUtils.SetRenderTarget(cmd, colorAttachment, clearFlags, clearColor, 0, CubemapFace.Unknown, -1);
            else
                CoreUtils.SetRenderTarget(cmd, colorAttachment, colorLoadAction, colorStoreAction, clearFlags, clearColor);
        }

        static void SetRenderTarget(
            CommandBuffer cmd,
            RenderTargetIdentifier colorAttachment,
            RenderBufferLoadAction colorLoadAction,
            RenderBufferStoreAction colorStoreAction,
            RenderTargetIdentifier depthAttachment,
            RenderBufferLoadAction depthLoadAction,
            RenderBufferStoreAction depthStoreAction,
            ClearFlag clearFlags,
            Color clearColor,
            TextureDimension dimension)
        {
            if (depthAttachment == BuiltinRenderTextureType.CameraTarget)
            {
                SetRenderTarget(cmd, colorAttachment, colorLoadAction, colorStoreAction, clearFlags, clearColor,
                    dimension);
            }
            else
            {
                if (dimension == TextureDimension.Tex2DArray)
                    CoreUtils.SetRenderTarget(cmd, colorAttachment, depthAttachment,
                        clearFlags, clearColor, 0, CubemapFace.Unknown, -1);
                else
                    CoreUtils.SetRenderTarget(cmd, colorAttachment, colorLoadAction, colorStoreAction,
                        depthAttachment, depthLoadAction, depthStoreAction, clearFlags, clearColor);
            }
        }

        [Conditional("UNITY_EDITOR")]
        void DrawGizmos(ScriptableRenderContext context, Camera camera, GizmoSubset gizmoSubset)
        {
#if UNITY_EDITOR
            if (UnityEditor.Handles.ShouldRenderGizmos())
                context.DrawGizmos(camera, gizmoSubset);
#endif
        }

        // Fill in render pass indices for each block. End index is startIndex + 1.
        void FillBlockRanges(NativeArray<RenderPassEvent> blockEventLimits, NativeArray<int> blockRanges)
        {
            int currRangeIndex = 0;
            int currRenderPass = 0;
            blockRanges[currRangeIndex++] = 0;

            // For each block, it finds the first render pass index that has an event
            // higher than the block limit.
            for (int i = 0; i < blockEventLimits.Length - 1; ++i)
            {
                while (currRenderPass < m_ActiveRenderPassQueue.Count &&
                    m_ActiveRenderPassQueue[currRenderPass].renderPassEvent < blockEventLimits[i])
                    currRenderPass++;

                blockRanges[currRangeIndex++] = currRenderPass;
            }

            blockRanges[currRangeIndex] = m_ActiveRenderPassQueue.Count;
        }

        void InternalFinishRendering(ScriptableRenderContext context)
        {
            CommandBuffer cmd = CommandBufferPool.Get(k_ReleaseResourcesTag);

            for (int i = 0; i < m_ActiveRenderPassQueue.Count; ++i)
                m_ActiveRenderPassQueue[i].FrameCleanup(cmd);

            FinishRendering(cmd);
            Clear();

            context.ExecuteCommandBuffer(cmd);
            CommandBufferPool.Release(cmd);
        }

        internal static void SortStable(List<ScriptableRenderPass> list)
        {
            int j;
            for (int i = 1; i < list.Count; ++i)
            {
                ScriptableRenderPass curr = list[i];

                j = i - 1;
                for (; j >= 0 && curr < list[j]; --j)
                    list[j + 1] = list[j];

                list[j + 1] = curr;
            }
        }
    }
}